The spreading or dispersion of a beam of waves as it propagates, resulting in a widening of the beam’s cross-sectional area.
A calibration technique used in ultrasonic testing to compensate for the amplitude loss with distance to improve flaw detection and measurement accuracy.
The spreading or separation of wave components or frequencies due to variations in propagation speed, commonly observed in ultrasonic or electromagnetic waves.
A localized interruption or interruption in the physical structure or continuity of a material, often associated with flaws, defects, or material changes.
When the properties of a material exhibit changes in magnitude based on the orientation of the test axis relative to a specific direction within the material.
An electric current that flows in one direction continuously without changing polarity or magnitude.
The redistribution of waves when encountering an obstacle or passing through an aperture, causing changes in the amplitude or phase of the waves.
Differential probes in eddy current testing use two coils to detect defects. When over a flaw-free area, no differential signal is produced, but over a defect, a signal is generated.
Diamagnetism is a type of magnetism exhibited by certain materials that causes them to weakly repel an externally applied magnetic field. The induced magnetic field opposes the direction of the applied magnetic field, resulting in a net magnetic moment that is opposite to the external field. Diamagnetic materials are typically non-magnetic and do not retain …
Materials that exhibit a weak repulsion when subjected to a magnetic field and have no permanent magnetic properties. Diamagnetic materials typically have a magnetic permeability close to 1.
