It consists of a series of piezoelectric elements that are arranged in a linear or matrix configuration. Each element can be independently controlled to emit ultrasonic pulses at different times and angles. By controlling the timing and amplitude of the individual elements, the probe can produce a controlled and adjustable ultrasonic beam.

The property of a material that determines how easily it can be magnetized or how it responds to the flow of magnetic flux.

The time taken for a complete cycle of a wave, commonly used in describing the characteristics and timing of oscillating or periodic signals.

A liquid or dye used in liquid penetrant testing to enhance the visibility of surface-breaking defects or discontinuities by penetrating into the flaw and providing contrast against the background material.

Paramagnetism is a form of magnetism exhibited by certain materials that are weakly attracted to an externally applied magnetic field and do not retain magnetism when the external field is removed. These materials develop internal induced magnetic fields that align with the direction of the applied magnetic field.

A type of ultrasonic transducer designed to emit and receive sound waves in a perpendicular or normal direction to the surface of the test object.

Materials that do not contain any appreciable amounts of iron or are not magnetic, such as aluminum, copper, brass, or non-magnetic alloys, commonly distinguished from ferrous materials in terms of their magnetic and electrical properties.

Unwanted or random signals, disturbances, or interference that can affect the accuracy, reliability, or interpretation of non-destructive testing signals, often mitigated through proper signal processing and filtering.

The region close to the transducer or source of a wave where the wavefront is not well-formed or fully developed, often associated with increased beam divergence and complex wave interactions.

The process of evaluating and determining the properties, composition, structure, or condition of a material.